Mother tongue: First language learned at home during childhood and still understood by the individual at the time of the census. The multiple responses were equally distributed among the languages reported.

Knowledge of official languages: Ability to conduct a conversation in English only, in French only, in both English and French, or in neither English nor French. It should be noted that this question measures language knowledge rather than actual use of language.

First official language spoken: A derived variable taking into account the knowledge of English and French, the mother tongue and the home language. The multiple responses were equally distributed among the languages reported.

Language spoken most often at home: Language spoken most often at home by the individual at the time of the census. The multiple responses were equally distributed among the languages reported.

Definitions taken or adapted from: